ECU Re-Flashing For Sportbikes
The factory develop their internal mapping to deliver the best performance possible in relation to emission and sound regulations, timing retard, throttle restrictions, etc. We do not have these same regulations on our track or Race tune files we develop.
There is no way to bypass many of these parameters simple through bolt on piggy backs (ie. Power Commanders and Bazzaz ZFI), they must be changed within the ECU. We test each bike on the dyno and change the map values in the each parameters of the ECU, in every gear, until we have developed the optimum performance tune for that specific vehicle.
The factory ECU has parameters for nearly every single function of the motorcycle including different ignition, fuel, and throttle parameter maps in every gear. We optimize each of these internal parameters to remove any factory restrictions (Timing Retard and/or throttle), we optimize fuel and ignition curves, off throttle or deceleration maps, throttle maps, rev limit, speed limiters and more.
A good example is in the factory fuel maps. The factory fuel maps look like a staircase in which they give fuel, then pull out fuel in very short time frames. You cannot necessarily feel each of these changes while riding the bike however this helps the factory in their overall emissions output of the motorcycle. However maps like this can cause flat spots and sluggish throttle response and the only way to repair this is by building linear fuel map. These same kind of "tricks" are being performed in each of the parameters of the ECU, ignition, throttle etc.
The only way to remove these "tricks" implemented for emissions and sound regulations are to build correct or "improved" mapping within the ECU.
For a full list of modifications, click here. You can also read a little more about reflashing a Yamaha R1 ECU here.